Plane



T T TVEDT Jan. 2, 1923.

PLANE. FILED Nov. 22, 192i Patented Jan. 2, 1923.

UNITED STATES PATENT "HARE.

THOMAS T. TVED'I', 0F BROOKLYN, NEVT YDELZ.

PLANE.

Application filed November 22, 1921. Serial No. 516,908.

To (ZZZ. whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, THOMAS T. Tvno'r, a citizen of the United States,residing at 533 57th Street, Brooklyn New York, have invented certainnew and useful Improvements in Planes, of which the following is aclear, full, and exact description.

This invention relates to planes.

One of the principal objects of the present invention is to improve theconstruction of planes and to produce a plane adapted for use of bladeswhich may be made at comparatively small expense so that the blades maybe discarded when they become dull.

Another object of the invention is to produce an improved planeconstruction in which inexpensive blades having two or more cuttingedges adapted to be readily located interchangeably in operatingposition, may be employed.

Another object of the invention is to produce plane adapted for the useof thin flexible blades of the general character employed in certainclasses of safety razors.

With these and other objects in view, the invention comprisesthefeatures, constructions and combinations of parts hereinafter describedand particularly pointed out in the claims, the advantages of which willbe readily understood and appreciated by those skilledin the art. 7

The invention is illustrated in the present application as embodied in aplane construction adapted for the use of thin flexible doubled-edgedblades having holes therein for the reception of holding pins such asare used in the well known Gillette safety razor. In the broader aspectsof the in. vention, however, it is not limited to a con struction forthe use of this particular form of blade, but certain features may beembodied in constructions in which others forms of blades are employed.

The invention will be readily understood from the accompanying drawingsillustrating the invention in its preferred form and the followingdetailed description of the constructions therein shown.

In the drawings- Figure l is a view in central vertical section of aplane embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of the plane taken substantially on the line2-201": Fig. 1..

Fig. 3 is a detail view in vertical section taken substantially throughthe axis of one of the blade-holding pins, and

surface of the stock.

Fig. 4t is a perspective view of the iron.

The plane construction illustrated in the drawing comprises a stockindicated at 2, having an openlng 3 through which the blade of the planeis projected beyond the lower surface of the stock. The stock isprovided with side walls or flanges 4 be tween which the blade, iron andbladeclampmg device are located and with the usual knob or handle 6 atthe forward end thereof to be gripped in operating the plane.

In the illustrated embodiment of the invention, the planing bladeindicated at 8 is a thin, flexible, double-edged blade of the sameconstruction as the blades employed in the Gillette safety razor. Thisblade is removably mounted upon an iron 10 which is provided with pins12 for insertion in the openings in the blade to hold the blade inposition with relation to the iron, the blade being clamped on the uppersurface of the iron with the pins passing through the openings in theblade. as shown in Fig. 3.

The iron isadjustable longitudinally to regulate theextent to which theforward edge of the blade projects below the lower To this end the ironis mounted to slide on an inclined surface 1% formed on the stock at therear of the opening 3 and upon correspondingly inclined surfaces formedat the upper ends ofspaced portions of a lug 1G projecting upwardly fromthe base of the stock. The iron is adjusted longitudinally by means ofan adjusting screw 18 threaded into the lug 16, the forward end of whichis connected with the iron by the engagement of a slotted projection 20on the iron between two flanges 22 on the adjusting screw. The rear endof the adjusting screw is provided with a hand wheel 24 by which thescrewunay be rotated manually.

In the present embodiment of the invention, a clamp is provided whichoperates both to clamp the blade 8 securely to the iron 10 and also tohold the iron securely in any position in which it may be adjusted.

. This clamp is indicated at 26 and is suitably shaped to engage betweenthe side flanges 4. on the stock the forward end of the clamp engagingthe blade 8 preferably in advance of the pins 12, as clearly shown inFig. 8. The clamp 26 engages beneath and has a pivotal bearing on across rod 28 mounted in the side flanges alon the stock. and the rearend of the clamp is adjusted toward and from the iron 10 to release andclamp the iron and blade. As shown in the drawing, an adjusting screw 30is threaded into the rear end of the clamp and arranged to engage the.iron 10, as shown in Fig. 1, the screw being turned in a direction toscrew the same into the clamp to clamp the iron and blade in positionand being turned in the opposite dire'tion to release the iron andblade. This construction is comparatively simple ant. enables the bladeto be clamped and unclaniped with relation to the iron, and the iron tobe clamped in position with relation to the stool; and to be unclampedby very simple, easy operations It will also be noted that the blade isheld on one side by the clamp and on the other by the iron close to itsoperating edge, so that it is not liabl-e to become bent or broken whilein operation. The clamp 26 is provided with slots tor the reception oithe pins 12 on the iron, these slots allowing the pins to vary theirpositions with relation to the clamp as the iron is adjusted.

When a flat blade of flexible character such as that shown in thedrawing of this application is employed in a plane, the corners of theblade at the opposite ends oi its cutting edge are liable to dig intothe wood, thereby causing a great deal of trouble. To avoid thisdifliculty, the blade is preferably flexed when clamped in position onthe iron so that its cutting edge is convex with relation to the lowersurface oi the stock, or so that the corners at the opposite ends of thecutting edge lie above or within the central portion of said edge. Bythus flexing the blade, the corners of the blade atthe opposite end oiits cutting edge may be located above the lower surface of the stock sothat these corners will not dig into the work. In the presentconstruction, in order to flex the blade in this manner, the surface ofthe forward end of the clamp 26 which engages the blade is made slightlyconvex and the bladc-engag ing surface of the iron 2 is madecorrespondin ly concave.

The iron 10 and the clamp 26 securely clamp the blades between them fromits center close up to its cutting edge and prevent the bending of ablade during a planing operation. The use of a blade of the characterdescribed enables a sharp blade readily to be supplied at any time andinasmuch as blades of this: kind can be secured at comparatively smallexpense, the grinding and sharpening of the blades which, in the usualconstruction take a great deal of labor and time, may be dispensed with.The blades, however, may be readily removed for harpening and theprovision of a blade with double edge enables the blades to be useddouble the usual time before they become dull. It is obvious that bladeshaving more than two cutting edges may be employed in a plane of thischaracter it it is desired to increase still "further the length of timewhich a blade may be used.

It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to theparticular construction and arrangement of parts of the illustratedembodiment of the invention, but that the invention may be embodied inother forms within the siope oi the claims.

Having explained the nature and object of the invention and havingspecifically de scribed the construction embodying the invention in itspreferred form what claimed is:

l. A plane having, in combination, a stock, an adjustable iron, aflexible blade having at least two cutting edges removably mounted onthe iron, so that it may be shifted to place any one of said cuttingedges interchangeably in cutting position, means for supporting theblade adjacent the cutting edge which is in cutting posit n, and meansfor securing the blade in position on the iron. I

i A plane in combination, a stock, an iron having a plate form, arelatively small planing blade removably mounted on one face of the ironand a clamp arranged both to secure the blade in position nst the faceof the iron and to hold the iron in adjusted position.

8. A plane having, in combination, a stock, having an opening, anadjustable iron, pins navin mounted in fixed positions on the iron, a

thin blade smaller than the iron arranged to be removably andnon-adjustably mounted on a supporting face of the iron so as to projectthrough the op ning in the stool: and having holes to receive the p nsto locate blade accurately in a predetermined and definite operatingposition with relation to the iron, the blade being supportedsubstatially throughout its width by the iron, and means for securingthe blade to the iron.

A plane having, in combination, a stock, an iron mounted on the stock,pins projecting from the iron, a blade arranged to be removably mountedon the iron and having holes to receive the pins, and a clamp arrangedboth to secure the blade in position on the iron and to hold the iron inadjusted position.

5. A plane having, in combination, a stock, an adjustable iron mountedon the stock, a flexible blade r movably mounted on the iron, and meansfor securing the blade to the iron in flexed condition so that the endsof the cutting edge thereof are located above the central part of saidedge.

6. A plane having, in combination, a stock, an iron adjustably mountedon the stock and having a concave upper face at the forward end thereof,a flexible blade mounted on the iron and arranged to engage the concaveface thereof, and a clamp having a convex face for engagement with theblade to clamp the same against the convex face of the iron, therebyflexing the blade to locate the ends of the cutting edge above thecentral portion of the said edge. I

, 7. A plane having, in combination, a stock, an iron adjustably mountedon the stock, a relatively small blade removably mounted on "andentirely supported by the forward end of the'iron, a clamp having apivotal bean ing carried by the stock and arranged with its forward endengaging the blade, and means for adjusting the rear end of the clampabout its pivotal bearing to cause the forward end of the clamp to clampthe blade against the forward end of the iron or to unclamp the bladefrom the forward end of the iron.

8. A plane having, in combination, a stock having an opening, a bladesupporting structure carried by the stock in position to hold a blade sothat the blade projects through said opening below the lower surface ofthe stock, a relatively-small thin blade, requiring support adjacent itscutting edge, removably mounted on said structure so that the blade issupported adjacent its cutting edge by said structure, and means foraccurately locating the blade with its cutting edge in a predeterminedand definite operating position with relation to the blade edge supporting part of said structure.

9. A plane having, in combination, a stock havingv an opening, ablade-carrying iron mounted on the stock in position to hold the bladeso that the blade projects through said opening below the lower surfaceof the stock,

a relatively small thin blade, requiring support adjacent itscuttingiedge, reinovably mounted on the lower end of the iron andengaged on one face by the iron so that the blade is supported adjacentits cutting edge by the iron, a clamping plate for clamping the blade tothe iron engaging the opposite face of the blade and also supporting theblade adjacent its cutting edge, and means for locating accurately thecutting edge of the blade in a predetermined and definite position withrelation to the supporting portionof the iron.

10. A plane having, in combination, a stock having an. opening, a bladesupporting structure carried by the stock in position to hold a blade sothat the blade projects through said opening below the lower surface ofthe stock, a relatively small thin blade having at least two cuttingedges, requiring support adjacent its operative cutting edge and mountedon said structure so that it is supported adjacent its operative edge bysaid structure and so that it may be shifted to place any one of itscutting edges in operative position with relation to said structure,means for securing the blade to iron mounted on the stock 11. A planehaving, in combination, a

stock having an opening, a blade-carrying in position to hold the bladeso that the through said opening below face of th stock, a relativelysmall thin blade having at least two cutting e l re quiring supportadjacent its operat. c cut the lower surting edge, and mounted on theiron so that i it is supported adjacent its operative-cutting edge theiron and so that it may be shifted to place any one of its cutting edgesin oper ating position with relation to the iron, and clamping devicesfor clamping the blade to the iron with an I one of its cutting ed es interchangeably in operating position.

12. A plane having, in combination, a stock having an opening, ablade-carrying iron mounted on the stoclr in position to hold a blade sothat the blade projects through said opening below the lower surface ofthe stock, a relatively small thin blade, requiring ting edge, removablymounted on the iron so that the blade is supported adjacent its cuttingedge by the iron and having blade locating openings and blade locatingpins mounted on the iron and arranged to fit in said. openings in theblade to locate'the blade accurately with its cutting edge in apredetermined and definite operating position with relation to the bladesupporting part of the iron.

A plane having, in combination, astocl: having an opening, abladerarrying iron mounted on the stock in position to hold a blade sothat the blade projects through said opening below the lower surface ofthe stock, a relatively small thin blade, requiring support adjacent itscutting edge, removably mounted on the lower end of the iron so that itis supported adjacent its cutting edge by the iron and having bladelocating openings therein, pins mounted on the iron arranged to fitinthe openings in the blade to locate the blade accurately with itscutting edge in a pre determined and definite position with rela tion tothe supporting portion of the iron, and a clamping plate for clampingthe blade to the iron also arranged to support the blade adjacent itscutting edge.

let. A plane having, in combination, a stoclrhaving an opening, ablade-carrying iron meunted on the stock in position to hold a blade sothat the blade projects through said opening below the lower surface ofthe stock, a relatively small thin blade projects support adjacent itscut blade, requiring support adjacent its cut ting edge, removablymounted on the iron so that the blade is supported adjacent its cuttingedge by the iron, blade locating means carried by the iron, and locatingmeans on-the blade for engagement with said locating means on the ironto locate the blade accurately with its cutting edge in a predeterminedand definite operating position With relation to the blade supportingportion of the iron.

15. In a plane, the combination of a platelike iron having its faceadjacent one end formed to receive a relatively small thin blade and tosupport the blade by contact With a lateral face thereof, a relativelysmall thin blade, requiring support adjacent its cutting edge, removablymounted on the iron so that it is supported adjacent its cutting edge bythe iron, andmeans for locating the blade accurately with its cuttingedge in a predetermined and definite position With relation to thesupporting part 013 the iron.

16. In aplane, a plate-like iron having its lateral :r'ace adjacent oneend formed to receive a relatively small thin blade and to support theblade by contact with a lateral face of the blade, a. relatively smallthin blade, requirin support adjacent its cutting edge, removablymounted on the iron so that it is supported adjacent its cutting edge bythe iron, a clamping plate for engaging the opposite lateral face of theblade to clamp the blade to the iron, and means for locating the bladeaccurately with its cutting edge in a predetermined and definiteposition with relation to the supporting part 01": the iron.

17. In a plane, a plate-like iron having its lateral face adjacent oneend thereof formed to receive a relatively small thin blade and tosupportthe blade by contact with a lateral face of the blade, arelatively small thin blade, requiring support adjacent its cutting edgeand removably mounted on the iron so that it is supported adjacent itscutting edge by the iron, blade locating means carried by the iron, andmeans on the blade for engaging said blade locating means to locate theblade accurately with its edge in predetermined and definite positionwith relation to the supporting part of the iron.

18. In a plane, the combination of a platelike iron having itslateralface adjacent one end thereoil formed to receive a relatively small thinblade and to support the blade by contact With lateral face thereoi, arelatively small thin blade having at least two cutting edges, requiringsupport adjacent its operative cutting edge and re-' movably mounted onthe iron so that it is supported adjacent its operative cutting edge bythe iron, and means for accurately locating the blade with relation tothe iron to place its cutting edges inte 'ehangeably in predeterminedand definite operative positions with relation to the supporting portionof the iron.

19. In aplane, the combination of an iron a blade having at least twocutting edges reniovably mounted on the iron sov that it may be shiftedto place any one of said cutting edges in operating position 'Withrela-v tion to the iron, and means for locating accurately the bladewith relation to the iron to place said cutting edges interchange-

